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John Locke의 교육사상에 나타난 단련에 관한 연구

(A) Study on the training in John Locke's educational thought

초록/요약

In this dissertation, I examined his educational view and its contents centering around training in John Locke's educational thoughts. His thoughts of physical education, what is called training, give some lesson to children and teenagers in our modern society, and so we should grasp what is the lesson and practice it our educational field. On the premise that "A sound mind in a sound body", the heart of Locke's educational thoughts is based on the epistemological empiricism and anthropocentricism. It is based on the educational omnipotent theory in which a man is considered as a clean being like a white paper denying original sin, and the whole man is built up through education. Locke considered physical education as the first thing as an educational content and the base of educational pyramid while he advocated that the ideal of education is a sound body and a sound mind. Therefore, he established a realistic theory of P. E. which attached importance to realistic experiences. He expressed his view that P. E. can build up our personality through practice, and extended this possibility to systematize P. E.. These thoughts give many suggestions and lessons a school P. E. as well as contemporary sports and P. E.. I will summarize them as follows: Firstly, Locke placed emphasis on the health as a basic requisite for embodying happiness of human like Aristotle. This is a common wish to satisfy our basic desire. Especially, when we take the circumstances into consideration where various problems by industrial development speed alienation and mental disorder and weakness nowadays, this has meaningful suggestion and lesson. Secondly, Locke originated and proposed how to maintain our health based on naturalism as a regimen. As his many experiences, broad knowledge, and quality as a doctor were reflected in the contents and ways which he proposed, they were very scientific and reasonable. They paved the way for establishing the educational thoughts of Rousseau's naturalism, and moreover the value is evaluated very high even in modern times. Thirdly, he thought that the purpose of P. E. is to cultivate the performance of the duties together with improving endurance. He found the result of P. E. in the healthy state of unified human which include the dimension of mental education, not only physical one. We should regard this as a chance and a measure to correct and establish some wrong purpose and goal of P. E. nowadays. Fourthly, in a way of P. E., he chose a rational training to acquire health and physical strength. Although, this seems to be strict, he recommended us to form good habits in a joyful state as much as possible, based on the anthropocentricism. It is a warning to the way of bringing up children by which our children are weak, enervated, and dependent owing to overprotectiveniess of their parents and relatives. To conclude, the training in John Locke's educational thoughts is not only based on the gentleman education which are wisdom, virtue, body as a means of education for the whole man, but also J. J. Rousseau(1712～1778) succeed to Locke's method of natural training. A proposition, "A sound mind in a sound body", gives a great lesson to the usefulness and the possibility of character building. Due to the pursuit of materialism and convenience by mechanization, automation and organization, which are the characteristics of our modern society, mentally our will power and creative power weaken, and physically the function of body deteriorates and our body cannot develop any longer. These makes both physical and mental confidence, harmony and control power lose. Therefore, at this point of time, the thought of physical education, Locke's training is very suggestive.

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목차

목차 = i
ABSTRACT = ⅴ
Ⅰ. 서 론 = 1
1. 연구의 목적과 필요성 = 1
2. 연구의 내용 = 4
3. 연구의 방법 및 제한점 = 7
Ⅱ. John Locke의 생애와 사상 형성의 배경 = 8
1. 생애 = 8
2. 사상형성의 배경 = 12
1) 사회적 배경 = 12
2) 경험주의 = 14
3) 실학주의 = 15
4) 계몽주의 = 17
Ⅲ. 교육사상의 이론적 기초와 원리 = 20
1. 교육목적 = 20
2. 교육내용 = 21
1) 신체교육 = 21
2) 덕성교육 = 25
3) 지식교육 = 29
3. 교육방법 = 33
1) 형식도야이론 = 33
2) Tabula Rasa = 39
3) 가정교육과 교사론 = 43
Ⅳ. 단련주의 체육사상 = 49
1. 신체사상 = 49
2. 실제론적 신체교육 = 52
3. 단련주의(Disciplinism)체육사상 = 57
4. 스포츠 활동과 레크리에이션 = 64
1) 스포츠 활동 = 64
2) 레크리에이션 = 66
Ⅴ. 교육사상의 현대적 실천과제 = 70
1. 심신교육과 신체건강 = 70
1) 심신교육 = 70
2) 교육과 신체건강 = 71
2. 자연건강과 습관형성 = 72
1) 록크의 건강관 = 72
2) 습관형성과 심신의 건강 = 74
3) 유아건강교육 = 75
3. 교양과 스포츠를 통한 교육 = 77
1) 록크의 교양관 (敎養觀) = 77
2) 소양으로서의 스포츠 = 78
3) 레크리에이션으로서의 스포츠와 음악 = 80
4. 여행을 통한 교육 = 82
1) 형식화된 수학여행 = 82
2) 여행의 시기 = 83
3) 자립여행 = 84
Ⅵ. 결론 및 제언 = 86
1. 결론 = 86
2. 제언 = 88
참고문헌 = 89
부록: 존 록크의 연보 = 100

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